Physio 3rd int || True/false

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B. Mention whether the statements are true or false in the space given.

Attempt any four out of following: 0.5 x 4 = 2.0

a. The entire allantochorion is provided with villi which burrow into the maternal crypts of the endometrium is called zonary placenta.

View Answer & Explanation
False

When villi cover the entire allantochorion, it is a diffuse placenta (found in horses and pigs). A zonary placenta features villi organized in a band or ring around the middle of the fetus (found in carnivores like dogs and cats).

b. The if the individual is male, the rete testis produces mullerian inhibiting factor which causes regression of wolffian duct.

View Answer & Explanation
False

Mullerian Inhibiting Factor (MIF) is produced by the Sertoli cells, not the rete testis. Additionally, MIF causes the regression of the Mullerian duct, whereas the Wolffian duct develops into the male reproductive tract due to testosterone.

c. Cotyledonary placenta is found in mare and sows.

View Answer & Explanation
False

Mares (horses) and sows (pigs) possess a diffuse placenta. Cotyledonary placentas are characteristic of ruminants like cows, sheep, and goats.

d. With onset of lactation thera is increased lipogenesis that occur in adipose tissue.

View Answer & Explanation
False

At the onset of lactation, lipogenesis (fat synthesis) in adipose tissue decreases significantly. The body shifts its metabolic resources to channel fatty acids and energy directly to the mammary glands for milk production.

e. The foetal cortisol production results in the induction of enzymes that important for the movement of the steroids down the biosynthetic pathway from progesterone to estrogen.

View Answer & Explanation
True

Fetal cortisol surges near term to activate the enzyme 17α-hydroxylase in the placenta. This crucial step shifts placental steroidogenesis away from progesterone production and toward estrogen production, helping initiate labor.

f. FSH plays a more dominant role during the final stages of follicle maturation through ovulation.

View Answer & Explanation
False

LH (Luteinizing Hormone) plays the dominant role during the final stages of follicle maturation and triggers ovulation via the LH surge. FSH is primarily responsible for early follicle recruitment and growth.

Biology & Animal Science Quiz Review

Question iv:

"The kidneys of Fowl eliminates nitrogenous end products of protein metabolism as urea."

Answer: False

Correction: Birds (fowl) are uricotelic and eliminate nitrogenous waste as uric acid, not urea.

Question v:

"In swine husbandry, growth and fattening are the same."

Answer: False

Correction: Growth refers to the structural increase in muscle, bone, and organs, whereas fattening is strictly the deposition of lipid/fat tissue.

Question vi:

"Fever is beneficial for homeotherms when antigens attacked the body."

Answer: True

Correction: Fever is an adaptive immune response that helps inhibit pathogen replication and accelerates the body's natural defense mechanisms.

Physiology Quiz: True or False

Mention whether the statements are true or false in the space given.

  1. The intrapleural pressure is always less than intra-alveolar pressure.

    Answer: TRUE
    • Intrapleural pressure remains negative during normal breathing.
    • This negative pressure prevents lung collapse.

  2. Dead space ventilation can also occur within alveoli.

    Answer: TRUE
    • Alveoli can receive air but lack blood flow.
    • This condition is known as alveolar dead space.

  3. Pulmonary surfactant increases the surface tension of alveolar lining.

    Answer: FALSE
    • Surfactant actually decreases surface tension.
    • This reduction stabilizes alveoli during expiration.

  4. With steroids, the hormone is able to interact within the cell because of its ability to penetrate the lipoprotein plasma membrane.

    Answer: TRUE
    • Steroid hormones are lipid-soluble.
    • They pass directly through lipid membranes easily.

  5. FSH plays a more dominant role during the final stages of follicle maturation through ovulation.

    Answer: FALSE
    • LH triggers the final ovulation surge.
    • FSH dominates earlier follicle development stages.

  6. During quiet breathing, respiratory muscles perform the work during expiration.

    Answer: FALSE
    • Quiet expiration is completely passive.
    • It relies solely on lung elastic recoil.

Reproductive Biology & Endocrinology Quiz

State whether the following statements are True or False. Comprehensive explanations are provided below each answer.

a. With onset of lactation there is increased lipogenesis that occur in adipose tissue.
Answer: False
Explanation: With the onset of lactation, metabolic pathways shift to decrease lipogenesis (fat production) and increase lipolysis (fat breakdown) in maternal adipose tissue. This adaptation redirects vital fatty acids and energy resources directly to the mammary glands for milk synthesis.
b. The foetal cortisol production results in the induction of enzymes that are important for the movement of the steroids down the biosynthetic pathway from progesterone to estrogen.
Answer: True
Explanation: Near the end of pregnancy, a surge in fetal cortisol induces crucial placental enzymes (such as aromatase and 17α-hydroxylase). This enzymatic shift converts progesterone into estrogen, altering the hormonal balance to initiate labor (parturition).
c. FSH plays a more dominant role during the final stages of follicle maturation through ovulation.
Answer: False
Explanation: While Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) handles early and mid-stage follicle recruitment, Luteinizing Hormone (LH) is the dominant driver during the final stages of maturation. It is the massive LH surge that triggers actual ovulation.
d. The entire allantochorion is provided with villi which burrow into the maternal crypts of the endometrium is called zonary placenta.
Answer: False
Explanation: A placenta where chorionic villi uniformly cover the entire surface of the allantochorion is classified as a diffuse placenta (found in horses and pigs). A zonary placenta features villi arranged in a localized band or girdle around the fetus (found in dogs and cats).
e. If the individual is male, the rete testis produces mullerian inhibiting factor which causes regression of wolffian duct.
Answer: False
Explanation: This statement contains two errors. Mullerian Inhibiting Factor (MIF) is secreted by fetal Sertoli cells (not the rete testis). Furthermore, MIF causes the regression of the Müllerian ducts (female structures), while the Wolffian ducts survive to build the male internal reproductive tracts.
f. Cotyledonary placenta is found in mare and sows.
Answer: False
Explanation: Sows and mares feature a diffuse placenta. A cotyledonary placenta relies on button-like structures called cotyledons interacting with maternal caruncles, a trait unique to ruminants like cows, sheep, and goats.

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Biology & Environmental Science Q&A

Instructions: State whether the following statements are True or False. If False, provide the correct statement with a justification.

i) Pineal gland is considered as neuro-endocrine transducer of cyclic photic input responses seasonal change in chhotanagpuri sheep.
Answer: True
Justification: The mammalian pineal gland translates neural light signals from the environment into an endocrine signal by releasing melatonin. This hormonal rhythm directly coordinates seasonal physiological changes and breeding cycles in animal species like the Chhotanagpuri sheep.
ii) Longevity and low mortality rate are the symptoms of well adaptation of an animal.
Answer: True
Justification: Enhanced life expectancy (longevity) and a reduced death rate indicate that an animal population has successfully adjusted to native ecological pressures, climate variables, and disease challenges.
iii) The short term day to day meteorological variable of a particular locality is called climate.
Answer: False
Correction & Justification: The correct term is weather. Weather defines short-term, daily atmospheric fluxes in a localized region. Climate, conversely, represents the averaged regional weather patterns monitored over decades (usually 30+ years).

Ruminant Physiology & Ecology Quiz

  1. Poikilotherms maintain their body temperature against a cold or hot environment.
    Answer: False
    Explanation: Poikilotherms are ectothermic (cold-blooded). Their internal temperature fluctuates directly with their surrounding environment.
  2. Heat is produced in the body by metabolic activities but may also enter from the exterior by means of radiation.
    Answer: True
    Explanation: Metabolic processes generate internal body heat, while radiant energy (like sunlight) transfers thermal heat from the outside.
  3. The omasum is the true stomach of the ruminant digestive tract that helps in enzymatic digestion.
    Answer: False
    Explanation: The abomasum is the true gastric stomach. The omasum mainly absorbs water and nutrients from feed particles.
  4. Vitamin B complex deficiency is generally observed in adult ruminants.
    Answer: False
    Explanation: Microbes residing within a functioning adult rumen synthesize adequate levels of Vitamin B complex natively.
  5. In general, herbivorous animals normally eliminate alkaline urine.
    Answer: True
    Explanation: Plant matter yields basic or alkaline ash byproducts during metabolism, elevating the resulting urine pH.
  6. The study of the reciprocal relationship between living organisms and the nonliving environment is called ecology.
    Answer: True
    Explanation: Ecology focuses explicitly on how biological organisms interact with non-biological environmental elements.
  7. The normal pH of ruminal fluid is about 5.0 to 5.7.
    Answer: False
    Explanation: Normal ruminal fluid remains closer to neutral, ranging between 6.0 and 7.0. Dropping lower indicates acidosis.
  8. The degradation of feed into more basic units by both physical and chemical means is called digestion.
    Answer: True
    Explanation: Digestion relies on mechanical processing (physical tearing) alongside enzymatic reactions (chemical conversion).

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